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Workers with low literacy or numeracy skills: characteristics, jobs, and education and training patterns

APPENDIX 3: ADDITIONAL TABLES

Table A9: Regression model estimates for the probability of taking a course
  All workers aged 25 and over   Level 1 or 2 document literacy
Coef. Std Error   Marginal effect   Coef. Std Error   Marginal effect
Log likelihood
 -2691.1 -929.4
Psuedo R2
 0.109 0.108
Sample size
 4561         1885      
Intercept -1.458
0.481
*
 -0.803
0.945
Female 0.187
0.088
*
 0.04 0.202
0.158
0.03
Aged 25-29 -0.286
0.172
-0.06 -0.134
0.361
-0.02
Aged 30-34 -0.140
0.130
-0.03 -0.540
0.283
-0.08
Aged 35-39 -0.118
0.131
-0.03 -0.240
0.230
-0.04
Aged 45-49 -0.058
0.122
-0.01 -0.522
0.268
-0.08
Aged 50-54 -0.049
0.157
-0.01 -0.455
0.338
-0.07
Aged 55-59 -0.408
0.145
*
 -0.09 -0.185
0.281
-0.03
Aged 60-65 -0.173
0.194
-0.04 0.080
0.345
0.01
Maori ethnic affiliation  0.066
0.146
0.02 0.046
0.208
0.01
Pacific ethnic affiliation  -0.522
0.240
*
 -0.11 -0.689
0.296
*
 -0.10
Asian ethnic affiliation  -0.290
0.206
-0.06 -0.566
0.369
-0.08
Recent immigrant  -0.030
0.171
-0.01 -0.094
0.325
-0.02
Speaks English as second language  -0.269
0.169
-0.06 -0.291
0.323
-0.05
Educational attainment
Completed 5th form/year 11 only -0.527
0.141
*
 -0.11 -0.523
0.308
-0.08
Upper secondary school  -0.386
0.166
*
 -0.08 -0.354
0.379
-0.05
Level 1, 2, or 3 qualification -0.204
0.199
-0.05 0.053
0.327
0.01
Level 5, 6, or 7 qualification 0.029
0.160
0.01 -0.072
0.384
-0.01
Bachelors degree 0.010
0.221
0.00 0.278
0.544
0.05
Higher degree 0.125
0.197
0.03 0.548
0.453
0.10
Document literacy skill/100 0.419
0.140
*
 0.10 0.250
0.233
0.04
Self-employed -0.039
0.096
-0.01 0.162
0.231
0.03
Employed part-time -0.224
0.148
-0.05 -0.175
0.249
-0.03
Firm size 1-19 employees -0.410
0.127
*
 -0.09 -0.737
0.269
*
 -0.12
Firm size 20-99 employees 0.006
0.155
0.00 -0.353
0.282
-0.05
Firm size 1000 or more employees 0.131
0.130
0.03 0.188
0.217
0.03
Industry
Agriculture -0.018
0.439
0.00 -0.598
0.697
-0.09
Food manufacturing 0.052
0.391
0.01 -0.659
0.550
-0.09
Other manufacturing -0.178
0.343
-0.04 -0.857
0.495
-0.12
Construction -0.083
0.450
-0.02 -0.311
0.654
-0.05
Wholesale trade -0.410
0.339
-0.09 -1.082
0.722
-0.13
Motor vehicle sales and service -0.112
0.387
-0.03 -0.526
0.572
-0.08
Retail trade (excluding motor vehicles) -0.089
0.408
-0.02 -0.663
0.677
-0.09
Accommodation and food services 0.105
0.438
0.02 0.377
0.523
0.07
Transport -0.107
0.414
-0.02 -0.342
0.600
-0.05
Commmuications 0.112
0.478
0.03 -1.030
0.692
-0.13
IT and scientific services -0.224
0.476
-0.05 -0.586
1.250
-0.08
Business services 0.051
0.381
0.01 -0.266
0.673
-0.04
Public administration and defence 0.421
0.416
0.10 -0.566
0.565
-0.08
Education and training 0.117
0.435
0.03 0.117
0.587
0.02
Health care and social services 0.520
0.398
0.12 -0.001
0.643
0.00
Cultural and recreational services -0.071
0.450
-0.02 -0.043
0.674
-0.01
Other services 0.757
0.476
0.18 -0.288
0.814
-0.04
Occupational group controls (18) Y Y

Note: The dependent variable is '1' if the respondent undertook a course or courses that were not linked to formal qualifications in the last 12 months and '0' otherwise. In addition to the explanatory variables shown in the table, all models included indicator variables for 18 occupational groups, 'industry not specified' and 'firm size not specified'. *Indicates that the coefficient was statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level. Standard errors were calculated using the jackknife method and the official survey replicate weights.

back to Appendix 3: additional tables